Introduction. The topology processor is one of the main components of the SCADA/EMS operating core. The evolution of SCADA/EMS requires data standardization for information exchange between the topology processor and application tasks, as the functions of the topology processor are defined by the requirements of industry regulatory and technical documents. Goal. The outlines for the CIM standardization of the topology processor input and output data that ensure interoperability of software components. Materials and methods. This study is based on an   analysis of the functional architecture of SCADA/EMS, standards in the field of electric power grid management, and the Common Information Model (CIM) methodology. Results and discussion. Topology analysis tasks are considered: models offline building, model updating after switching operations, switching state recognition, topological interlocks, topological tracing, and post-failure power supply restoration. CIM classes are proposed for input and output data exchange between topology processor and applied components. It is shown that CIM provides a necessary "bridge" between the power engineering language and mathematics (graph theory). Conclusion. CIM standardization of input and output data for the topology processor allows the latter to be developed separately from application modules and delivered ready-to-use for the variety of control systems. This approach can be spread on the other SCADA/EMS software components to ensure their seamless imbedding into integrated control systems.

Introduction. Currently much attention is paid to energy efficiency and economy of the electric power complex. The laws of the Russian Federation emphasize the importance of reducing the number of redundant electric power systems. Optimization is carried out in terms of capital and operating costs. Research on the development of new techniques is ongoing. The problem of determining the dependence of the consumer load on the operating parameters of the system still relevant while calculating operating costs. In the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, a large part of electric energy consumption is accounted for oil and gas producing companies. The main consumers are installations of electric centrifugal pumps. In most cases, they are equipped with synchronous electric motors. In this regard, the creation of modern design assistance methods is required. The methods should include consideration of the dependence of the load on the operating parameters when calculating operating costs. Goal. The study aims to enhance methods of the calculation power loses for optimal power source placement. Materials and methods. The study is based on mathematical modeling, multi-criteria optimization, and artificial intelligence systems were used in the work. Results and discussion. The concept of an automatic power source location detection system was formed. The concept included modified methodic of determine of the power loses. The power loss values when using a load in the form of a static characteristic are 5…17 % higher than with a constant load value. The deviation of the   power loss value calculated in the RastrWin3 complex and the presented mathematical model was no more than 5 %. This can be considered insignificant. Conclusion: The dependence of the consumer load on the operating parameters of the system should be taken into account while determining   the location of the power source.

Introduction. Modern optical technologies are widely used in telecommunications, laser systems and scientific research. Optical effect-based meters have found active application in the field of electric power engineering. Thus, optical measuring transformers are a promising area for the development of intelligent energy systems, contributing to improving the observability of networks and increasing their reliability by eliminating a number of significant disadvantages of traditional transformers. However, the widespread use of new meters is hampered by the high cost of components and the lack of large-scale production facilities. Research and development of optical current meters is ongoing at the current stage. In this regard, mathematical modeling of optical circuits is of particular importance, which makes it possible to optimize the composition and arrangement of elements at the early stages of development. Goal. To develop a software solution that makes it possible to simulate the optical circuits of the components of a polarimetric current sensor, which in turn will optimize the selection and spatial arrangement of the elements of the optical path of the meter and thereby simplify the development process of optical current transformers. Materials and methods. The program is implemented in Python using the NumPy and Matplotlib libraries. The calculation is based on the Jones formalism for describing polarization transformations in a sequence of elements (polarizers, prisms, Faraday rotators, etc.). The principle of current measurement is modeled through the Faraday effect, taking into account the parameters of the magnetic field and the characteristics of the sensitive material (length of the active element, Verde constant). Results and discussion. In the course of the work, a model of the complete optical path was implemented and a comparison of the calculated and experimental output signals was performed. A qualitative match of the waveform was obtained. It is shown that the developed software correctly reproduces the influence of key parameters (azimuthal angles of polarizers, length of the active element, Verde constant) on the frequency and amplitude of the output signal, which confirms the adequacy of the chosen mathematical model for preliminary design tasks. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the developed program is an effective tool for modeling and optimizing the optical path of a current meter and can be used in the development of new designs of optical current transformers, reducing the need for expensive physical prototypes at the early stages of design

Introduction. The paper analyzes the results of experimental studies of asymmetrical and nonlinear traction loads (ANTL) at substations of a 110 kV external power supply system. Regions characterizing the degree of asymmetry depending on the positive sequence current (PSC) are constructed and compared with similar regions obtained through mathematical analysis. Traction load nonlinearity due to the presence of static energy converters primarily generates odd higher harmonic components, which affect the operation of relay protection (RP). Dependences for the maximum values of 3rd, 5th, and 7th harmonic components of phase currents are obtained, which will allow use in selecting the parameters of RP measuring units and basing for the current signal filtering requirements. Goal. The study of STE modes to refine the methods for calculating the response parameters of relay protection measuring devices (RP) and the development of new algorithms for the operation of microprocessor RS. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the modes of external and traction power supply electrical grids. Results and discussion. Regions of possible asymmetric traction loads are constructed depending on the degree of their asymmetry. Mathematical relationships between the maximum relative values of odd harmonic currents and phase currents are obtained. The need to consider the components of the traction load due to the traction load factor and higher harmonic components when selecting the parameters of the protection relay is demonstrated. Conclusion. The ratio of the negative sequence current (NSC) to the TPP has been shown to reach 100%, not only when shoulder of the traction transformer is idle, but also when both shoulder of the transformer are loaded under various load conditions. Odd harmonic components in the phase currents of traction transformers are significant, reaching 6–14 % of the maximum (nominal) current of the traction transformer.

Introduction. In low-voltage networks, smart electricity metering systems (ISMS) are being actively implemented, and their data can be used to predict consumption. However, the presence of missing values in the data increases the error in the prediction results. Goal. To compare the impact of different methods for recovering missing values in SES data on the accuracy of electricity consumption forecasting. Materials and methods. The study was based on a real dataset containing hourly values of active energy from 132 single-phase household consumers in one of the regions of the North-Caucasus over a 25-month period. Four methods were used to fill in missing data: the mean, the median, interpolation, and the median for each hour of the day. The XGBoost machine learning model was used to predict hourly electricity consumption patterns for the next month, week, and day, and the quality of the prediction was evaluated using the RMSE metric. Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of the average values of the RMSE indicator, it was concluded that the choice of the averaging method has some effect on the monthly forecast interval, for which the median methods of filling in missing data result in a lower RMSE value by 0,066 kWh, or 12,6 %, compared to the method of filling in missing data with average values, and by 0,053 kWh, or 10,2 % compared to the method of filling in missing data with interpolation. With a weekly forecast horizon, the best result is obtained by the hourly median with an advantage of RMSE over the rest of the methods of 0,013-0,021 kWh, and for the daily forecast, the median method with RMSE of 0,012-0,023 kWh shows the greatest efficiency. Conclusion. On a monthly forecast horizon, it is advisable to use median methods to fill in the missing data. When forecasting for a week or a day, all of the methods discussed are almost equivalent.

Introduction. Corporate risk management is one of the most pressing areas of management. In the current situation economic, social, and political crises, the pressure of sanctions, and the accelerated development of digital technologies has become an integral part of corporate practice. Furthermore, the development of risk management is facilitated by the growing information base: data on the activities of companies and their own practices in this area. Goal. The study aims to accumulate the experience of corporate risk management in the chemical industry of Russia, identify best practices and highlight the complexities of analysis. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of annual reports from companies in a specific industry. The sample consisted of 50 companies and 50 annual reports. The study was conducted using statistical and qualitative methods. Results and discussion. The analysis revealed that, while risk management has significantly evolved in recent years, the current economic and political situation has led to a lack of information, resulting in a lack of data on best practices among industry giants. Traditional and new approaches to risk management are actively blended in practical cases. Companies in the industry are exposed to financial, industry, political, technological, environmental and other risks. The paper provides statistics on risk assessments by companies themselves and analyzes several best practices. Conclusion. The study showed that risk management practices are currently undergoing a period of growth and development. While the use of risk management technologies is not critical for small businesses, large businesses require systemic solutions, which many large companies are demonstrating and disclosing. Sanctions have impacted risks and risk disclosure, significantly reducing monitoring capabilities.

Introduction. Financial strategy is one of the fundamental documents for company management. Its foundation is traditionally the current and future structure of the assets of the company and sources of income. Although financial strategy typically focuses on the liability structure of the company, assets are equally important. These assets depend on a variety of factors, including the industry, stage of development, goals, and investment policy, thereby determining the nature and requirements of financial management for a particular entity. Goal. Development of a comprehensive approach to assessing the quality of the assets of the company using materials from Russian organizations, open data, and financial analysis methods. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of open data: the Interfax SPARK database and reports from chemical industry companies. Statistical methods formed the methodological basis. Results and discussion. The study confirmed the a priori heterogeneity of the sample, characteristic of the industry; demonstrated the instability of the financial performance of large companies in the industry; showed that the majority of small businesses in the chemical industry remain low-profitable, and the financial results are generated by large companies; the industry is characterized by an improvement in the condition of individual companies, while the majority of enterprises continue to be characterized by low return on assets and their inefficient structure. Conclusion. The study yielded the following results: a consistent, comprehensive approach to assessing the state of companies' assets was developed; the first part of the analysis was completed based on the proposed approach; and the analysis revealed negative trends in the changing asset structure of companies in the analyzed industry.

Introduction. In the context of the continuous development of e-commerce and the digital transformation of the economy, the demand for and requirements for logistics services are increasing. Consequently, competition among various types of logistics companies is intensifying. To maintain competitive positions and a significant market share in the logistics services sector, postal organizations need to take measures aimed at modernizing and optimizing business processes, as well as implementing modern technical and software solutions into their technological processes. Goal. The study aims to explore possible options for business process reengineering to optimize the logistics systems of postal organizations. Materials and methods. The research is based on the analysis of the organizational structure of the logistics system as a whole, logistics processes at the operational level, and the examination of supply chain construction systems. Results and discussion. The study examines the current state of the logistics system of a federal postal service organization. The following aspects were analyzed: the organizational structure of the logistics system as a whole, logistics processes at the operational level, and the systems for constructing supply chains. Additionally, the main stages of building a logistics system for a postal organization at the operational level were reviewed. Conclusion. In the competitive environment of the postal services market and the increasing demands of customers for service quality, the task of optimizing logistics management systems in the postal industry becomes particularly relevant. To address this, it is proposed to enhance the system through a combined approach to transportation request formation, integrating it with volume-calendar planning tools and developing criteria for process evaluation within the system.

Introduction. Forming an interdisciplinary field in which the interests of socio-economic and information-mathematical spheres intersect, the issues of creating and developing digital platforms are finding an increasing response in modern research. Blockchain technology presents limitless opportunities for innovation on digital platforms. Due to the immutable nature of information, it increases the level of security and flexibility, allowing users to make transparent and secure transactions. The lack of obligations of blockchain networks to provide information in a single form often makes it difficult to correctly assess the impact of various factors on the degree of their decentralization. Goal. The purpose of this study was to propose a toolkit for assessing the degree of blockchain decentralization, allowing users, investors, and developers to make decisions based on empirical evidence. Materials and methods. In the article, the authors present the results of an analysis of factors influencing the degree of decentralization of blockchain networks, to assess the dynamics of which the Nakamoto coefficient was used. The results show fluctuations in the degree of decentralization due to both internal factors (changes in the consensus algorithm, competition among validators) and external factors (regulatory changes, economic incentives). Results and discussions. As a result, the dependence of the indicator value on the metrics typical for digital platforms was obtained. The trends towards the concentration of resources in the hands of a limited number of subjects are revealed, which calls into question the declared decentralization of individual blockchains. The applied significance of the results lies in the possibility of developing control actions based on them both at the state level and at the level of blockchain networks in order to prevent the creation of a centralized system. Conclusion. In addition, strategies can be developed and proposed to encourage more actors to participate in consensus, diversify computing power, and prevent the formation of large pools.

Introduction. The authors consider the issue of “green” financing phenomenon – a combination of investments and financial flows aimed at achieving positive environmental and social results, while providing long-term economic benefits. Goal. The use of such tools will bring economic benefits, reducing resource costs and increasing investor satisfaction. Attention is paid to the problems of imperfection of “green” financing and proposals to overcome them. Goal. To systematize information on the development of “green” financing instruments and the prospects for their application. Materials and methods. To achieve the goals and objectives of the research, the following methods were used: formal logic, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, observation, as well as analysis of reports from international organizations, assessment of rating agencies. Results and discussion. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of using “green” tools and its role in creating sustainable, environmentally friendly economic growth. At this stage, without government regulation, benefits, and incentives, these tools become an excessive burden on businesses, hindering their development. Conclusion. By addressing the issue of transparency and accessibility, green finance tools can transform from a fashionable trend into a sustainable foundation for long-term and environmentally oriented economic growth.

Introduction. In recent years, Russian economy has been firmly resisting the coordinated isolation strategies of the Western bloc, creating new ties and seeking opportunities for economic development. Institutional and structural factors are becoming key not only for the Russian economic system, but also for many countries in the world. Stimulating the growth of labor productivity is a priority task, since other sources of growth have become unavailable to the economy due to the pressure of sanctions. Studying the possibilities based on structural shifts without attracting additional resources can become a reliable basis for the competitive development of industries. Goal. To study the regional specifics and depth of intersectoral differentiation in labor productivity based on a comparative assessment of its level by type of economic activity in comparison with the national average. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using official statistical data, economic statistical analysis, comparative analysis, and rankings. Results and discussion. The study of the industry structure showed emerging strong structural shifts, structural flows of labor resources from potentially highly productive industries to low-productivity ones, which is dangerous in terms of the quality and speed of economic growth. In the Russian Federation and the regions, the highest growth index is characteristic of financial and insurance activities, although the share in the industry structure is the lowest. Degradation processes in the dynamics of high-performance jobs are noted, which also slow down regional economic growth. A comparative assessment of the level of labor productivity in the industry complexes of the regions showed a significant increase in the level of inter-industry differentiation. Also, the average Russian wage level exceeds the regional level by 20-75%. The analysis helped to identify failing industries in which productivity in terms of growth rates is inferior to the average nominal wage. Conclusion. Conclusions are substantiated about the undervaluation of labor in the regions, which negatively affects the possibilities of increasing labor productivity. It has been established that industry complexes that form the industry specialization of regions cannot be a platform for accelerated growth in labor productivity. Systemic measures to reduce the differentiation of labor productivity in the regions are in demand.

Introduction. Amid the growth and development of the IT sector, the structure of employment is undergoing transformation. The shortage of qualified specialists in large companies has led to the recruitment of professionals from various regions and even other countries on remote-work terms, which brings notable changes to regional economies and to the national economy as a whole. Goal. The study identifies the challenges and prospects of the labor market in the IT sector under conditions of distributed employment. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the IT sector labor market, the development prospects of this industry, and its impact on regional budgets. Results and discussion. The study revealed that after 2020, a revolution occurred in the labor market, especially in the IT sector, in terms of attracting talent from various regions for remote work. This experience proved highly successful for employers, allowing them to reduce workplace setup costs while simultaneously attracting highly qualified specialists. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the impact of distributed employment in the IT sector on the economy of the country is generally positive, as it has created new opportunities for the development of human capital, improved the quality of life in the regions, and enhanced the overall resilience of the national economy.

Introduction. Agriculture is a high-risk industry. Choosing the right statistical methods and models is obviously the key to obtaining reliable forecasts and assessing risks for both investors and producers. Goal. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis and classification of mathematical methods and models used to forecast the PFI market in the agricultural sector of the regional economy. Materials and methods of research. The research is based on a comparative analysis of information reflecting the functioning and forecasting of financial markets, as well as   on general scientific and special research methods (the method of comparison, hypothesis formulation and formalization; methods of comparison, verification, validation, visualization and interpretation of results). Results. A detailed analysis of statistical methods (regression analysis, ARIMA, ARCH, GARCH models), pricing models (BSM model, CRR model, Heston model), machine learning methods (LSTM model, Transformer model, XGBoost, Random Forest), alternative methods (fractal   methods) was carried out to identify features and select the most optimal algorithms for forecasting PFI, taking into account various factors in the agricultural sector of the regional economy. For a comparative description of the methods, the following criteria were selected: purpose; advantages; model type; taking into account trends, volatility, seasonality, external factors; flexibility; application in the agricultural sector. Conclusion. For the practical application of forecast models in the agricultural sector of the economy, it is advisable to use a hybrid approach that combines machine learning and fractal methods. Moreover, it is necessary to adapt the model parameters to regional specifics (for example, taking into account local weather data). The study confirmed that the choice of a method for forecasting derivatives in the agricultural sector should be based on a combination of approaches that take into account the nature of the data, the forecast horizon and external factors.

Introduction. Climate change is becoming a key factor shaping the economic agenda of resource-dependent economies, including the Republic of Tajikistan. The vulnerability of agriculture and hydropower requires the urgent integration of climate risks into the financial protection system. Goal. The study aims to identify problems and develop practical recommendations for adapting the insurance sector of Tajikistan to climate risks based on the analysis of international experience. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the current state of the insurance market in Tajikistan, the regulatory framework, as well as a comparative analysis of successful international cases of climate risk management (Kenya, Bangladesh, the Caribbean). Methods of system and comparative analysis, synthesis and generalization were applied. Results and discussion. It was found that the insurance market of Tajikistan is characterized by low penetration (premium volume ~$28 million) and minimal cover age of agricultural risks (<1 %), despite their high importance. Insufficient use of modern technologies (only 12 % of companies use GIS) and regulatory gaps were identified. Based on international experience, the effectiveness of parametric insurance, catastrophe bonds (CAT bonds), and Islamic insurance models (takaful) for local conditions is substantiated. A set of recommendations is proposed, including the launch of pilot index insurance programs, the creation of a national climate data platform, and stress testing for insurers. Conclusion. The implementation of the proposed mechanisms will significantly increase the financial resilience of key sectors of Tajikistan economy to climate risks, ensure protection of income for vulnerable groups, and stimulate the development of the national insurance market. Institutional reforms and active international cooperation are necessary for successful implementation.

Introduction. The relevance of the research is driven by the fundamental transformation of the role of marketing within Russian industrial enterprises amidst unprecedented sanction pressure and a paradigm shift in state industrial policy towards achieving technological sovereignty. The research problem lies in the insufficient study of the adaptive mechanisms of marketing in B2B markets to new economic realities and the lack of a systematic approach to its periodization within the Russian context. Goal. To analyze the key factors driving the transformation of industrial marketing and to identify its prospective development vectors within the contemporary Russian economy. Materials and methods. The methodological framework is based on general scientific methods, including synthesis, systemic and process-based approaches, as well as an analysis of the regulatory and legal acts governing industrial policy. Results and discussion. The study proposes an original periodization of the evolution of industrial marketing role in Russia, based on a comparison of the stages of industrial development, sanction regimes, and state policy objectives. It has been established that industrial marketing has transformed from a passive sales function into a strategic instrument aimed at addressing the challenges of import substitution, stimulating R&D, and forging new cooperative ties. The primary vectors of its development have been identified as innovation marketing, relationship marketing with a focus on the domestic market, and the reorientation of international marketing towards new markets. Conclusion. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its findings can be used by industrial enterprises, including those in industrially developed regions, to adapt their marketing strategies to current challenges and state policy objectives.

Introduction. Currently, the investment policy of most major companies includes a wide range of goals of not only financial, but also social and/or environmental nature. Managers seeking to maximize the value of the company face the problem of reconciling the conflicting goals of numerous stake-holders, the solution of which is possible within the framework of the implementation of the principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in their activeties. The presence of a balanced scorecard is a prerequisite for assessing investment projects, the construction of which is possible within the framework of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Goal. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibility and feasibility of using multi-criteria decision-making methods in the selection of investment projects that take into account the principles of CSR, as well as to develop and test an algorithm for ranking investment projects within the framework of socially responsible investing. Materials and methods. In the framework of the scientific study, the authors used multi-criteria assessment methods for investment projects. Results and discussion. The results of the study showed that government bodies can use the multi-criteria ranking methodology when selecting investment projects at the expense of budgetary funds. It allows for an adequate assessment of the contribution of investment projects to solving strategic tasks related to ensuring sustainable growth of industry complexes in the context of the ongoing growth of sanctions pressure on the national economy. Conclusion. The concept of corporate social responsibility is based on a multi-factor strategy that includes diverse quantitative and qualitative indicators, which allows achieving a balance of interests of the state, business and society. CSR refers to the use of a set of financial, social and environmental indicators of a corporation when doing business. Recently, much has been done to make the use of CSR principles in practice accountable and transparent. However, despite the fact that numerous standards for assessing CSR have been developed, the need to find tools and methods to improve the efficiency of management decision-making, especially in investment activities, remains relevant

Introduction. In the context of volatile external environment and adaptation to new economic conditions in the regional economy, the relevance of developing mechanisms for structural transformation is increasing, which is noted both by state documents of strategic development and the opinions of researchers. Goal. Development and scientific substantiation of a mechanism for regulating the transformation of the sectoral structure of the regional economy in order to ensure the intensification of economic growth in the region. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of social reproduction and the system of national accounts. The analysis of the object of study was carried out using the methods of economic statistics. The author’s approach to the search for sectoral priorities of regional development is based on the synthesis of the concepts of smart specialization, economic complexity and technological proximity. Foresight and content analysis methods were used to identify promising market niches. Results and discussion. In the course of the work, key problems and structural constraints of the socio-economic development of the economy of the Vologda Oblast were identified. Based on the author’s tools, the most important sectoral development priorities and   key market niches were determined. A conceptual scheme of the mechanism of structural transformation and its main directions have been developed. A toolkit for implementing structural restructuring at the operational, tactical, and strategic levels of regional economic management is proposed. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that substantiating the mechanism and directions for structural transformation of the regional economy requires the development of flexible scientific tools, as well as the adoption of management decisions aimed at the short-, medium-, and long-term perspectives. Further research could focus on scenario-based forecasting of the consequences of adopted economic policy measures.

Introduction. The analysis of scientific sources on the research topic, regulatory documents, and methodological materials of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation indicates a steady negative trend in the field of financial security for the population. There is a systematic increase in both the number of fraudulent transactions and the amount of stolen funds. The issue of financial security for the population of the Russian Federation becomes particularly relevant in the context of increasing digitalization of financial services, increasing fraudulent transactions, and a low level of financial literacy. Goal. The study aims to analyze the dynamics of fraud operations, identify key threats to financial security, and develop recommendations for their minimization. Materials and methods. The study is based on the works of Russian economists on financial security. It uses a systematic analysis of the regulatory framework of the Bank of Russia and statistical methods to study data from 2022 to 2024. The choice of methods is driven by the need for a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of fraudulent transactions through the analysis of quantitative indicators and qualitative characteristics. Results and discussion. The study revealed that the volume of fraudulent transactions increased by 94% in 2022-2024, with the greatest increase associated with the use of the Rapid Payment System (RPS). The main types of financial fraud include phone scams, phishing (a type of online fraud where attackers attempt to obtain personal information from victims under the guise of official requests), and computer attacks. It was found that 58% of blocked resources were phishing websites, and individuals were 13 times more likely to become victims than legal entities. Conclusion. In order to minimize fraudulent transactions and reduce fraud activity, the study proposes a comprehensive approach that combines educational, informational, and technological measures that can significantly improve financial security in the long term.

Introduction. In the context of accelerating technological dynamics and institutional turbulence, the formation of sustainable eco-systems of innovation projects has become a strategic priority for actors of innovation-driven development. The ecosystem approach makes it possible to view innovation as the result of interaction among multiple stakeholders – from research centers to investors and technological startups. Understanding the architecture of ecosystem sustainability provides opportunities to enhance the efficiency of innovation reproduction and to reduce systemic risks in its design under conditions of uncertainty. Goal. The study aims to substantiate a model of the architecture of sustainability in innovation project ecosystems based on the interrelated mechanisms of institutional maturity, resource diversification, and the density of horizontal interactions. Materials and methods. The study is based on an interdisciplinary analysis of scientific sources and empirical data on Russian and international innovation ecosystems. Methods of systemic and comparative analysis, case study, structural-functional and content analysis, as well as conceptual modeling were applied to develop the sustainability model. Results and discussion. It is demonstrated that the sustainability of innovation project ecosystems should be understood not as a static state, but as a process of coordinated functioning between structural and procedural components. The key elements of sustainability were identified, and their coherence determines the ecosystem’s ability to reproduce innovation activity under conditions of uncertainty and systemic transformation. A comparative analysis of existing concepts of innovation development revealed their fragmentation and confirmed the necessity of an integrated architectural approach. Conclusion. The proposed model of the architecture of sustainability in innovation project ecosystems makes it possible to integrate institutional, resource, and network factors into a unified analytical framework. Its practical significance lies in the potential application of the proposed mechanisms for designing innovation infrastructures, diagnosing ecosystem maturity, and shaping public and corporate policies for science and technology development

Introduction. Increased competition and changing consumer preferences in the meat products market have made it necessary for manufacturers to find effective tools to strengthen their market positions. In-depth research of customer needs and adaptation of product and sales policies have become key factors for success. Therefore, conducting a marketing analysis of consumer preferences in the local market is highly relevant. Goal. To identify key factors of consumer choice and assess the competitive environment in the meat products market of the Stavropol Krai. Materials and methods. The study was based on a combination of methods: analysis of official statistical reports (data from Rosstat) to assess the market share of key players, and a survey of respondents to study consumer behavior. Results and discussion. The study found that the market is highly concentrated, with the market share of the leading company, Stavropol Broiler LLC (Blagoyar TM), at 70%. However, consumer preferences are focused on local producers (Olympia, Balakhonovsky Meatpacking Plant), with natural ingredients (79%), price (61%), and freshness being the key criteria for selection. Consequently, there is a contradiction between the market share of federal chains and loyalty to local brands. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that regional producers need to strengthen measures to increase brand awareness and optimize sales channels, focusing on key attributes that consumers value: quality, transparency of ingredients, and affordability.

Introduction. The success of modern companies instantly depends on how motivated their staff is. In a rapidly changing economy, employee motivation is becoming a crucial advantage over competitors. The relevance of this article is dictated by the increase in cases of professional burnout, changes in labor relations due to digitalization and the urgent need to find new ways to maintain motivation. Goal. The study offers a theoretical analysis of the relationship between psychological capital and work motivation, proposing an integrative model and developing practical recommendations for the development of psychological capital to improve motivation systems in organizations. Results and discussion. This article presents an in-depth theoretical analysis of the complex relationship between psychological capital and employee work motivation. Based on critical systematization of contemporary research, the mechanisms by which each of the four components of psychological capital – self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience – influence various aspects and phases of motivational processes within an organizational context are meticulously examined. A thorough comparative analysis and critical evaluation of existing conceptual models describing the link between psychological capital and diverse motivational characteristics are conducted. Significant synergistic effects arising from the interaction of psychological capital components are identified, playing a crucial role in the formation, maintenance, and enhancement of various types of work motivation. An original theoretical model is proposed, illustrating the impact of psychological capital on work motivation, which accounts for not only direct but also indirect effects via media-tors and moderators of this relationship. Conclusion. Comprehensive practical recommendations are developed for the effective formation and development of the psychological capital of employees as a strategic resource for boosting the overall effectiveness of motivational systems in modern organizations.

Introduction. The role of modern didactics consists in both the search for effective teaching methods and taking into account individual, environmental and cultural learning conditions for positive imprinting of knowledge and motivation for education. Goal. Conducting a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of imprinting in education based on methodological approaches to develop a theoretical basis for optimal principles, didactic mechanisms and methods for deep acquisition of knowledge, values and behavior patterns, and the formation of socio-cultural and moral guidelines. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a synthesis of scientific approaches: personal (assumes adaptation of methods of influence to a specific student, taking into account the psychological profile and current emotional state); cognitive-behavioral (focuses on the possibility of changing mental processes when transforming patterns of thinking and behavior); sociocultural (reveals the role of the environment and cultural factors on the comprehensive development of the individual); environmental (considers information-rich educational environment as an active factor that forms and directs the imprinting process); synergetic (allows to identify nonlinear, self-organizing processes of interaction of genetic, neurobiological, environmental factors, providing an understanding of their mutual influence and the dynamics of the formation of stable educational patterns). Results and discussion. The conducted study made it possible to substantiate the system of contextual and didactic principles that determined the requirements for the content, organization and methodology of training. In this aspect, didactic mechanisms and methods that ensure the imprinting of semantic and behavioral structures in the educational process were determined. They are mediated by socio-cultural and environmental factors, as well as ensuring cognitive imprinting through self-organization processes in educational systems. Conclusion. It can be concluded that imprinting in education is a complex, multi-aspect phenomenon formed under the influence of personal characteristics, environmental conditions, socio-cultural factors, cognitive-psychological mechanisms and synergetic interactions, which requires a systematic approach to its study for the purpose of further application of the theory in pedagogical practice.

Introduction. The article addresses the relevant issue of preparing students of pedagogical specializations for organizing creative and productive activities for children. According to the Professional Standard for Teachers, section 3.1.1, a teacher must be able to organize various types of extracurricular activities, including creative and productive ones. The development of the ability to organize such activities is aimed at acquiring professionally significant personal qualities that shape the teacher’s identity and orientation as both an individual and an active subject. It also seeks to enhance the use of diverse tools, methods, and forms in organizing children’s artistic and productive activities; to develop artistic skills; and to foster proficiency in visual media for creating harmonious and aesthetically expressive artworks that communicate a theme or idea. Goal. To explore the potential of an original method of associative drawing using color spots to develop readiness for organizing children’s artistic and productive activities. Materials and methods. The research was based on systemic-activity, learner-centered, and cultural approaches, which ensured optimal results. These approaches made it possible to align the educational process with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for specialization 44.00.00 and the Professional Standard for Teachers. Results and discussion. Within the research, the authors identified three criteria for assessing the teacher’s ability to organize creative and productive activities for children: professional-personal, methodological, and artistic productive. Each criterion is assessed at three levels of formation: high (active), medium (situationally active), and low (passive). The study demonstrated that the method improves competencies essential for successfully organizing children’s artistic and productive activities. Conclusion. The willingness to organize creative and productive activities is a key competence of a future teacher. It is enshrined in both the Federal State Educational Standards for Higher Education and Professional Standards. The study identifies criteria including professional, personal, methodological, creative, and cognitive skills, as well as creative-productive skills. Each criterion has three levels of difficulty. An empirical study using the associative drawing technique showed the greatest improvement in practical skills, confirming the need to continue searching for effective methods to develop this competence.

Introduction. One of the most important conditions for the renovation of the general education system is the use of digital educational resources (DER) in the educational process, including in the field of physical education. Goal. The study are to examine the readiness of teachers to use DER in the educational process of physical education at school and to find ways to improve the effectiveness of the process of preparing   teachers and students to use DER in the system of general physical education. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the results of a survey of teachers and students, as well as a pedagogical experiment based on the use of digital educational resources in the process of teaching physical education in the general education system. Results and discussion. The results of the study indicate that there is a lack of practice in using digital educational resources in physical education classes at schools, both by teachers and by student interns. However, this area of activity is crucial for assessing their professional competence in terms of digital skills. The negative consequences of this situation include challenges in addressing objectives for improving the general education system, including in the field of physical education. Conclusion. The results of the study revealed the main difficulties in mastering and applying digital educational resources by teachers and student interns in physical education classes, which are largely due to their low level of preparedness for this type of educational activity and the lack of scientific and methodological support for this process both during university studies and during work at schools. This task can only be solved if there is a genuine interest in it from educational authorities, university professors, physical education teachers, student interns, and the entire teaching community, who are committed to improving the quality of education and upbringing of the younger generation.

Introduction. The article studies the issue of the increased relevance of creating conditions for civic-patriotic education of preschool children in an educational organization in the context of new directives. Goal. Identification of some aspects of the organizational and pedagogical conditions of civic and patriotic education in the regional preschool education system, which will allow adjusting the work of preschool organizations in this area. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the results of a survey of preschool educators to identify the conditions of civic and patriotic education of preschoolers in the educational space of the region. Results and discussion. During the discussion, it was noted that inefficient and irrational organization of conditions hinders the creation of an integrated and flexible system of civic and patriotic education for preschoolers. The conducted empirical research indicates the existing problems in all aspects of organizational and pedagogical conditions: organizational, logistic and educational ones. Deficits have been identified in providing preschool organizations with material and financial resources, methodological training of teachers in the field of civic and patriotic education, filling the developing subject-spatial environment with patriotic content, and innovative updating of teachers’ methodological tools. Conclusion. The conclusions obtained as a result of the conducted research are oriented towards the creation in preschool educational organizations of the necessary organizational and pedagogical conditions for building up the material and technical base, improving methodological support for educators in the field of civic and patriotic education, improving the quality of program and methodological support for patriotic work, wider inclusion of teachers in training programs of additional professional education, enrichment of subject-related spatial environment of patriotic orientation, improving the forms and methods of civic and patriotic education of preschoolers through the introduction of best pedagogical practices.

Introduction. Modern transformational processes in society have changed the status of a foreign language, positioning it not only as an integral component of the educational system and a means of intercultural dialogue, but also as a means of learning the basics of national culture in general and mental values, in particular, through the development of key linguistic and cultural concepts. The article examines the linguistic and didactic potential of concepts in teaching English to students of vocational schools, which is an insufficiently studied area of foreign language teaching methodology. Goal. To determine the linguistic and didactic potential of linguistic and cultural concepts in teaching a foreign language in the secondary vocational education system and to develop a methodology for their phased development. Materials and methods. The experimental work was carried out in the academic year 2023-2024 in the framework of the discipline "Foreign language" (English) at the Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute with the participation of 119 students of the A2-B1 level. Methods of analysis of linguistic and methodological literature, educational materials and media texts, survey, analysis of oral and written statements of students were used. The research material includes data from the National Corpus of the British Language, media texts from the BBC, TASS, CGTN, audio and video materials from the digital environment. Results and discussion. The linguodidactic definition of a concept is formulated as a didactic unit that ensures the integration of mental entities of a foreign-language worldview. A five-stage methodology for mastering linguistic and cultural concepts has been developed: familiarization with the concept, analysis of nuclear and peripheral meanings, study of combinatorial properties, interpretation and independent use, formation of cultural reflection. Using the example of the "Challenge" concept, a task system is demonstrated that includes work with lexemes representing various zones (nuclear, near and far periphery), mnemonic techniques, and tasks for the development of intercultural competence. The results indicate an increase in the effectiveness of the educational process and the formation of students' ability to understand alternative ways of linguistic conceptualization of reality. Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to reveal the linguistic and didactic potential of the concept, present the structural components, semantic content and test tasks for its development using the example of the linguistic and cultural concept "Challenge". The results of the study demonstrate the high linguistic and didactic potential of concepts in teaching foreign language to students of vocational education.

Introduction. In the era of digital transformation and global informatization, media literacy is becoming an important competence for successful adaptation of an individual in the modern world. The relevance of the topic of developing media literacy in younger adolescents is due to their increasing involvement in digital environments and active consumption of media content. Lack of information analysis skills makes them vulnerable to disinformation, manipulation and the negative impact of media. The study of pedagogical tools that promote the development of media literacy allows us to develop effective teaching and education methods that will protect adolescents from the negative impact of media and help them become literate in consuming information. Goal – to identify the main pedagogical tools in developing media literacy in younger adolescents. Materials and methods analysis of scientific sources, own methodological developments. Results and discussion. The article presents an analysis of the concept of "media literacy". The aspects of the manifestation of formed skills in younger adolescents that reflect media literacy are identified and characterized. The main pedagogical tools that contribute to the formation of media literacy in schoolchildren are considered. Examples of tasks and exercises that ensure the development of media literacy skills in younger adolescents are given. Pedagogical methods that ensure the effectiveness of the process of forming media literacy in younger adolescents are defined. Examples of the use of methods in the educational process are given. Conclusion. A conclusion is made about the need to use a variety of pedagogical tools and methods in the process of forming media literacy in students.