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Newsletter of North-Caucasus Federal University

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No 1 (2023)
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ECONOMIC SCIENCES

5-13 184
Abstract

The ambiguous interpretation of economic, legal concepts, static, dynamic theories of the organization's assets in the Russian and foreign literature in the historical and modern period of development justifies the need for their scientifically based argumentation and implementation. It is important to use the most effective concepts, theories of the organization's assets from the position of determining the real directions of their development, improvement, which justifies the relevance and timeliness of the study. The conducted research states that the problematic aspect implies the presence of many positions, discussions on the applicability of the economic, legal concepts of assets, their static, dynamic theories, which requires a detailed comparison of the economic and legal concepts of the assets of the organization from the standpoint of static and dynamic theories. With the help of general scientific and special methods was carried out, which made it possible to identify their essential provisions that can be developed in modern the period of development.

In the field of research a comparison of the legal and economic concepts of the assets of an organization within the framework of static and dynamic theories was carried out; the dynamic theory of the assets of an organization within the framework of legal and economic concepts was considered. As a result it is established that on the basis of an optimal combination of economic and legal concepts of assets within the framework of static and dynamic theories, it is possible to form a concept of a digital asset characterized by such criteria as obtaining economic benefits, ownership of the asset, immateriality, etc.

14-20 136
Abstract

The article specifies the composition in polymorphic research connected with the problems in state support for agricultural producers, aimed to the sectoral structure of AIC development. Detailed scientific and methodological tools for assessing the production potential of agro-trading enterprises, used in world practice, are described. The dislocation effect formed as a result of saving on the costs of processing and storage of a certain group of goods is determined. An institutional research method is presented as an element of a polymorphic approach used in assessing the production potential of agro-trading enterprises that prefer to use their own regulations (charters).

21-31 460
Abstract

The research is devoted to the study of the features and possibilities artificial intelligence in banking, substantiating its importance for the business processes of modern commercial banks. The Russian and foreign banking practice of using artificial intelligence, the volume of investments in the development of technology are considered. The assessment of the level of digitalization of the banking sector is given and the leading banks that are active users of artificial intelligence are identified. Particular attention is paid to the use of technology in the field of lending. The main problems of banks in assessing potential borrowers are identified. With this in mind, technological solutions have been developed aimed at improving the accuracy and efficiency of artificial intelligence when considering loan applications

32-40 226
Abstract

Technology is one of the drivers of changes in the modern economy. The purpose of the study is to review the current practice of using the main groups of end-to-end technologies with certain characteristics. At the same time, unresolved and debatable issues of the conceptual and applied aspects of the development and implementation of end-to-end technologies require clarification and the development of new approaches. The research materials and methods include an analysis of the state, problems and prospects for the development of end-to-end technologies in financial management in general and in financial controlling, in particular, based on a more complete account of the features of the current stage, which necessitated the use of methods of formal logic, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, observation and others. The concept of digital technologies for business is proposed - corporate technologies, the essence of which is to form a system of technologies for commercial organizations that allows financial managers to receive timely and complete information about changes in key performance indicators of the company, to make forecasts and scenarios for the development of future events. The variants of adaptation of financial controlling tasks as part of financial management to the digital transformation of public relations, business processes and production are considered, an algorithm for the formation of a knowledge base based on the experience of managers and the results of their work using artificial intelligence systems is developed. The scientific novelty of the work consists in substantiating the main areas of the organization's management, on which artificial intelligence is able to exert the greatest influence in the process of digital transformation of companies' business processes and the most promising areas of digital transformation of financial controlling.

41-48 220
Abstract

The article considers the consequences of foreign sanctions for the Russian information technology sector, the main measures to support the development of information technologies and digitalization of the country as a whole by the Russian government, features of the third package of measures to support domestic IT companies in 2022. The need to increase the competitive potential of the company through the use of a professional product manager or product manager is justified. The role of specialists of this type in Russia in the context of international market changes, features of the evolution of Russian product managers, the potential and points of growth of this profession were studied. The specifics of the work of the product manager in Russian companies are described. A deep analysis of the state of affairs in the domestic IT industry in the context of import substitution, acceleration of digitalization processes, features of the development of Russian software companies, online trading, marketplaces, features and measures of state support for these companies was carried out. Based on the statistical studies carried out, the prospects for the development of domestic IT companies are shown, which relied on the development of their own technologies due to the creation of current cyber-physical systems and modern competitive software, an analysis of the fastest growing Russian IT companies in 2022, the revenue turnover of the Russian IT sector over the past year was carried out. We considered the potential of the Russian IT business in the process of digital transformation, including due to the growth rate of net profit of new Russian leaders in this industry, awareness of the importance of the role of the product manager in the work of domestic IT companies.

PEDAGOGIC SCIENCES

49-54 505
Abstract

The article deals with the problem of evaluating educational results in the subject area "Physical culture". Disclosed shortcomings associated with skills ambiguity in the choice of means, methods, forms of assessment. The work notes insufficient methodological support from the standpoint of assessing educational results. An analysis of approaches to assessing the individual achievements of students, regulated by normative acts, the results of research by specialists in approbation of monitoring programs and a system for assessing the quality of physical education, and a survey of teaching staff is presented. The paper provides a theoretical justification and defines a list of recommendations aimed at improving the quality and objectivity of monitoring the assessment of educational achievements of students, obtaining comprehensive and reliable information about the state of education; conducting a systematic and comparative analysis of the educational achievements of students and making the necessary adjustments to the educational process. The mechanisms of planning and monitoring the quality of educational achievements in physical culture are determined. The indicators influencing educational results are revealed. The parameters of increasing the student's interest in the educational process are presented. A description is given of the assessment tools used for such methods as control, stimulation and diagnostics. The diagnostic parameters that should be relied upon when developing evaluation materials are determined. Effective online data collection tools are proposed to improve the quality of diagnosis, allowing flexible assessment of students' achievements. An assessment of the objectivity of control and the receipt of comprehensive and reliable information is given. As a value judgment, the directions for the implementation of self-assessment skills, self-analysis of educational achievements, which contribute to increasing motivation and motor activity, are disclosed.

55-63 267
Abstract

The relevance of this research is determined by the increased interest of the state to the development of the professional potential of the country's young generation. One of the tendencies of the modern society is the nation's awareness of the special role of the students' community, which in the nearest future will become the elite of Russia and will have a major impact on the economic, political and cultural life of the country. The government and the society create all necessary conditions for the complete self-fulfillment and professional development of the youth in order to make sure that young people, developing their individual qualities, will be able to influence all spheres of social life. The social processes demand that a young person be interested and involved, responsible and well organized, enterprising, adventurous and initiative. It means that every young person is being prepared to solve unpredictable tasks demanding high level of social skills. The article deals with the issue of the importance of students' social activities in their professional development and growth. The issues of the youth policy and motivation to be socially involved, modern formats of students' self-government and the most popular types of students' activities are also under consideration. This issue has already been under scientific consideration, but it still requires a comprehensible and multidimensional investigation.

64-71 206
Abstract

It gives a detailed analysis of the activities of a teacher- psychologist in educational institutions from the standpoint of using problem-oriented and resource-oriented approaches, mastering new interdisciplinary and inclusive technologies, as well as skills to work in extreme situations and teaching children and teachers methods of confronting different types of aggressive behaviour. The article draws our attention to the problems of the psychologist's activity in educational organizations in the context of the «challenges» of modern society and their psychological consequences for the younger generation, such as: mobbing, bullying and cyberbullying among children and youth, conflicting, addictive and suicidal behaviour of children and adolescents, delinquency and aggressiveness, joking, cybercommunicative addiction and others. It is shown that mastering socio-psychological technologies by a teacher-psychologist that allow introducing flexible negotiation mechanisms that transform the space of conflict interaction and ensure the information and psychological safety of children and adults is necessary. The analysis of various aspects is presented training of psychologists and educational psychologists at the North Caucasus Federal University (NCFU), taking into account its focus on the practical needs of education, the principles of variability, flexibility and interdisciplinarity of training, continuity and completeness of education. The article shows the specifics of the training of students of the Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy of NCFU which includes their activities in research centers, laboratories, professional sites and volunteer psychological teams to teach the population, including schoolchildren, first aid techniques in crisis situations.

72-78 128
Abstract

The article presents the results of scientific and pedagogical research, the purpose of which was to develop and substantiate the pedagogical model of teacher training for the implementation of ethno-cultural education. Using inductive and deductive methods of theoretical research, analysis of pedagogical literature and the process of practical activity with an emphasis on their classification, casual, dialectical and system-structural aspects, the theoretical and methodological foundations of pedagogical modeling are generalized. Their use made it possible to design a conceptual nature-like model of the process under consideration in line with the competence approach. The essential and substantive characteristics of its structural blocks are revealed: motivational-target, functional-content, operational-technological and evaluative-effective. The scientific novelty of the research results is also the substantiation of the innovativeness of the created model, which consists in providing the possibility of organizing pedagogical activities in a multicultural educational space, based on the formed ethno-oriented competencies. The conceptual-projective nature of the nature-like model of teacher training for the implementation of ethno-cultural education allows us to design this process based on the specific conditions of the real pedagogical situation.

79-86 138
Abstract

A modern mountain rescuer during emergency rescue operations should know the mining industry technologies, methods and technical means of rescuing people and eliminating the consequences of accidents perfectly. Have excellent health and special physical and psychological readiness to perform professional tasks associated with extreme psychophysical loads. In the program of specialized physical training, it is important to include specific physical exercises necessary in the professional activity of a mining engineer-rescuer, which in a simplified form can be practiced in the gym or on the sports grounds of the university. The authors share their experience on how to prepare students for training and passing standards according to the program of specialized physical training in the training centers of mountain rescue units by simple and affordable means. The indicators of the entrance express test for determining the state of the cardiovascular system of students are necessary to determine their physical readiness to perform a set of simulated adapted exercises and readiness for dynamic endurance work. It is necessary to begin the formation of professionally significant qualities of mountain rescue engineers with a lightweight set of physical exercises. Students who have shown a result not lower than average can start exercises for performing "severe severity" mountain rescue operations, presented in the article.

87-92 136
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify and disclose the possibilities of youth educational forums in the development of the social competence of the younger generation. Realization of the set goal requires solving the following tasks: providing a comprehensive description of the social competence of high school students; disclosure of the structural components of social competence; identifying the features of youth educational forums that create conditions for the intensive and effective development of social competence; identification of targets, tasks and principles of forum activities focused on the development of social competence. The authors substantiated the assumption about the high potential of youth educational forums in the development of social competence of high school students. The authors also proposed the conceptual framework for organizing forum activities aimed at increasing the level of social competence of high school students. The novelty of this study lies in the characterization of youth educational forums as a means of developing social competence; highlighting the goals, objectives and principles of forum activities that provide an increase in the level of social competence of high school students.

93-99 182
Abstract

The article defines professional communication. It is postulated that the term «professional communication» is extremely ambiguous and vague, but at the same time quite voluminous. Three main functions of professional communication are described: interactive, communicative, perceptual. It is established that professional communication of a social work specialist is regarded as the interaction of a social worker and a recipient of social services, which is generated by the goals and content of their joint activities. The work singles out the main components in the structure of professional communication: cognitive, reflective, motivational-need, activity. The specific features of professional communication among future social work specialists are determined: multilayer communication, variability of communicative interaction, the ability to master different methods of communicative influence and adequately use them, the need to create conditions for effective communication. It is substantiated that the development of professional communication is an integral component of the training of future social workers, and the importance of this process is proved. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that considered the process of development of professional communication, identified the features and ways of forming the skills of effective professional communication at the university on the example of training future social work specialists.

100-107 143
Abstract

The sharply increased demand for educational services in the higher education market has intensified the competition between universities. This has led to the popularity of introducing marketing technologies into the system of management tools of educational organizations that contribute to increasing their level of competitiveness. The previous communication methods were no longer enough to promote the university to the forefront, in connection with which the issues of creating its unique brand were updated. This problem has not bypassed military universities, which also need to increase their competitiveness in the educational market through the formation and development of the brand of a modern military institution. The purpose of the article is to identify effective ways to form a brand of a military university, allowing it to effectively compete with other educational institutions in the modern educational space. In the course of the study, specific features of branding in the field of education were identified, based on which the main ways to improve the tools for promoting the brand of a military university were proposed, allowing it to effectively compete with other educational organizations: focus on functioning in a system with a rich historical heritage and moral content; continuous monitoring of the professional path of university graduates; maintaining a decent level of professional training of the teaching staff; formation of comfortable learning conditions with high-quality material and technical base; creation of a favorable environment for the active life of students.

108-116 139
Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the influence of partnership relations between pedagogical universities and employers on improving the quality of teacher training. The paper considers modern mechanisms of interaction between pedagogical universities and general education organizations that affect the improvement of the quality assessment system of teaching staff: a demonstration exam in the system of higher pedagogical education; professional and public accreditation of teacher training programs, as well as the formation of a professional expert community to assess the training of teaching staff and targeted training. The authors conclude that the training of qualified teaching staff requires the improvement of the educational process of pedagogical universities, and educational partnership is a condition for improving the quality of training of teaching staff. The empirical material was the results of a survey of the heads of educational organizations in the east of the Kaliningrad region. The practical significance of the article consists in the use of the results obtained in the system of higher pedagogical education in order to ensure high-quality professional training of graduates.

117-126 151
Abstract

The article defines the possibilities of using pedagogical constructs in the structure of theorization of the foundations, ideas and technologies for providing opportunities for studying and implementing scientific and pedagogical research. The foundations of the formation and use of the formed experience of the individual are taken into account, which is singled out from the position of general pedagogy, professional pedagogy, pedagogy and psychology of personality development. A typology of pedagogical constructs is singled out, facilitating the possibilities of using scientific and pedagogical search, citation, theorization and interpretation of the results of scientific activity in the adaptive and productive development of the personality. The pedagogical conditions for the correctness and optimality of the use of scientific and pedagogical search, citation, theorization and interpretation of results in scientific and pedagogical research are determined. The prospects for the level (SVE, HE and FVE) development of software support for the use of modern methods of scientific search and scientific research in the analysis of the quality and relevance of pedagogical constructs in scientific and pedagogical search, scientific citation, theorization and interpretation are outlined.



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ISSN 2307-907X (Print)